abandon verb
to leave a person, place or thing for good; to give up completely
Synonyms: desert, forsake
Antonyms: retain, keep
सोडून देणे, त्याग करणे
The farmers had to abandon their flooded fields and move to higher ground.
Vocabulary
200 words for the English section
The study plan says ten new words a day. Here they are: twenty days of ten, each with its meaning, synonyms, antonyms, Marathi meaning and a sentence. Practise with flashcards, then take the quiz; words you miss collect under “Didn’t know” so you can drill only those.
Day 1 · abandon – affluent
abolish verb
to officially put an end to a law, system or practice
Synonyms: repeal, annul
Antonyms: establish, retain
रद्द करणे, बंद करणे
The British government abolished the practice of sati in 1829.
abruptly adv
suddenly and unexpectedly
Synonyms: suddenly, unexpectedly
Antonyms: gradually
अचानक, एकदम
The bus stopped abruptly, and the passengers lurched forward.
abstain verb
to deliberately keep oneself from doing or having something
Synonyms: refrain, forbear
Antonyms: indulge
वर्ज्य करणे, दूर राहणे
During Navratri many people abstain from eating non-vegetarian food.
abundant adj
existing in large amounts; more than enough
Synonyms: plentiful, ample, copious
Antonyms: scarce, meager
विपुल, भरपूर
Rain was abundant this monsoon, so the wells are full.
accumulate verb
to gather or collect gradually over time
Synonyms: amass, gather, collect
Antonyms: disperse, dissipate
साठवणे, जमा करणे
Dust accumulates quickly on the shelves if the room is not cleaned.
adamant adj
refusing to change one's mind or be persuaded
Synonyms: unyielding, inflexible, obstinate
Antonyms: yielding, flexible
ठाम, हट्टी
She was adamant that she would study engineering, not medicine.
admonish verb
to warn or scold someone firmly but gently
Synonyms: reprimand, rebuke, scold
Antonyms: praise, commend
ताकीद देणे, समज देणे
The teacher admonished the boys for arriving late to class.
adversity noun
a difficult or unlucky situation; hardship
Synonyms: hardship, misfortune
Antonyms: prosperity, fortune
संकट, प्रतिकूलता
The family faced great adversity after the floods destroyed their home.
affluent adj
having a lot of money; wealthy
Synonyms: wealthy, rich, prosperous
Antonyms: poor, impoverished
श्रीमंत, संपन्न
Affluent families in the city send their children to private schools.
Day 2 · aggravate – arrogant
aggravate verb
to make a problem or illness worse
Synonyms: worsen, exacerbate
Antonyms: alleviate, improve
बिघडवणे, वाढवणे
Scratching will only aggravate the rash.
alleviate verb
to make pain or a problem less severe
Synonyms: relieve, ease, mitigate
Antonyms: aggravate, worsen
कमी करणे, सौम्य करणे
The new flyover has alleviated traffic jams near the station.
ambiguous adj
having more than one possible meaning; unclear
Synonyms: vague, unclear, equivocal
Antonyms: clear, unambiguous
संदिग्ध, द्वयर्थी
The question was ambiguous, so students interpreted it differently.
amiable adj
friendly and pleasant in manner
Synonyms: friendly, affable, genial
Antonyms: hostile, unfriendly
मनमिळाऊ, प्रेमळ
Our new neighbour is so amiable that everyone likes him already.
anarchy noun
a state of disorder because there is no government or control
Synonyms: lawlessness, chaos, disorder
Antonyms: order
अराजकता, अंदाधुंदी
After the ruler fled, the kingdom slipped into anarchy.
animosity noun
strong hostility or hatred
Synonyms: hostility, enmity, hatred
Antonyms: friendship, goodwill
वैर, शत्रुत्व
There was deep animosity between the two villages over the water dispute.
antipathy noun
a strong feeling of dislike
Synonyms: aversion, dislike, hostility
Antonyms: sympathy, affection
तिटकारा, द्वेष
He has a strong antipathy towards crowded markets.
apathy noun
lack of interest, enthusiasm or concern
Synonyms: indifference, unconcern
Antonyms: enthusiasm, interest
उदासीनता, अनास्था
Voter apathy led to a very low turnout in the local election.
appease verb
to make someone calm or less angry by giving them what they want
Synonyms: pacify, placate, mollify
Antonyms: provoke, enrage
शांत करणे, संतुष्ट करणे
The manager tried to appease the angry customers with a full refund.
arrogant adj
having an exaggerated sense of one's own importance
Synonyms: haughty, conceited, proud
Antonyms: humble, modest
उद्धट, गर्विष्ठ
His arrogant attitude made it hard for him to work in a team.
Day 3 · audacious – callous
audacious adj
willing to take bold risks; daring
Synonyms: bold, daring, fearless
Antonyms: timid, cautious
धाडसी, निर्भीड
The startup made an audacious bid to buy its much larger rival.
augment verb
to make something greater by adding to it
Synonyms: increase, enlarge, boost
Antonyms: diminish, reduce
वाढवणे, वृद्धी करणे
Many farmers augment their income by selling milk and vegetables.
austere adj
strict and plain, without any comfort or decoration
Synonyms: stern, spartan, severe
Antonyms: luxurious, lavish
कठोर, साधे
The monks lead an austere life in the ashram, sleeping on the floor.
authentic adj
real and genuine; not a copy
Synonyms: genuine, real, original
Antonyms: fake, counterfeit
खरे, अस्सल
The museum confirmed that the painting is authentic.
banish verb
to send someone away from a place as a punishment
Synonyms: exile, expel, deport
Antonyms: welcome, admit
हद्दपार करणे, निर्वासित करणे
The king banished the traitor from the kingdom forever.
barren adj
unable to produce plants or fruit; empty and lifeless
Synonyms: infertile, unproductive, sterile
Antonyms: fertile, fruitful
नापीक, वांझ
Years of drought turned the fields barren.
benevolent adj
kind, generous and wanting to do good for others
Synonyms: kind, charitable, generous
Antonyms: malevolent, cruel
परोपकारी, दयाळू
A benevolent donor paid the school fees of fifty poor students.
bewilder verb
to confuse someone completely
Synonyms: confuse, perplex, baffle
Antonyms: enlighten, clarify
गोंधळात टाकणे, चक्रावून टाकणे
The maze of lanes in the old city bewildered the tourists.
brevity noun
the quality of using few words; shortness
Synonyms: conciseness, shortness, briefness
Antonyms: verbosity, lengthiness
संक्षिप्तता, लघुता
The brevity of his speech was a relief after the long ceremony.
callous adj
showing no concern for the feelings or suffering of others
Synonyms: heartless, insensitive, unfeeling
Antonyms: compassionate, sympathetic
निर्दय, कठोर
It was callous of the driver to speed away after hitting the dog.
Day 4 · candid – condemn
candid adj
truthful and straightforward; frank
Synonyms: frank, honest, outspoken
Antonyms: evasive, secretive
स्पष्टवक्ता, प्रांजळ
She gave a candid opinion about the flaws in my essay.
cautious adj
careful to avoid danger or mistakes
Synonyms: careful, wary, prudent
Antonyms: reckless, careless
सावध, दक्ष
Be cautious while driving on the ghat roads in the rain.
censure verb
to criticise or express strong disapproval formally
Synonyms: condemn, criticise, rebuke
Antonyms: praise, commend
निंदा करणे, दोष देणे
The committee censured the official for misusing public funds.
chaos noun
complete disorder and confusion
Synonyms: disorder, confusion, turmoil
Antonyms: order, harmony
गोंधळ, अव्यवस्था
There was chaos at the station when the trains were cancelled.
coerce verb
to force someone to do something by threats or pressure
Synonyms: force, compel, pressure
Antonyms: persuade, coax
जबरदस्ती करणे, बळजबरी करणे
Nobody should be coerced into signing a contract.
compassion noun
sympathy and concern for the suffering of others
Synonyms: sympathy, pity, mercy
Antonyms: cruelty, indifference
करुणा, दया
The nurse treated every patient with compassion.
compression noun
the act of pressing something into a smaller space
Synonyms: squeezing, contraction
Antonyms: expansion
संकोचन, दाब
Video compression lets a long film fit on a small memory card.
conceal verb
to hide something or keep it secret
Synonyms: hide, cover
Antonyms: reveal, disclose
लपवणे, गुप्त ठेवणे
He tried to conceal his disappointment behind a smile.
concise adj
giving a lot of information clearly in few words
Synonyms: brief, succinct
Antonyms: verbose, lengthy
संक्षिप्त, आटोपशीर
Write a concise summary of the chapter in fifty words.
condemn verb
to express strong disapproval of something
Synonyms: denounce, censure, criticise
Antonyms: praise, approve
निषेध करणे, धिक्कारणे
Leaders across the country condemned the attack on the pilgrims.
Day 5 · conspicuous – deter
conspicuous adj
clearly visible; attracting attention
Synonyms: noticeable, prominent, obvious
Antonyms: inconspicuous, hidden
लक्षवेधी, स्पष्ट दिसणारे
The red saree made her conspicuous in the crowd of white uniforms.
contaminate verb
to make something impure or dirty by adding a harmful substance
Synonyms: pollute, taint, defile
Antonyms: purify, cleanse
दूषित करणे, प्रदूषित करणे
Factory waste has contaminated the river water near the village.
courage noun
the ability to face danger or pain without fear
Synonyms: bravery, valour, boldness
Antonyms: cowardice, timidity
धैर्य, शौर्य
It took courage for the girl to report the bullying to the principal.
cowardice noun
lack of bravery; fear of facing danger
Synonyms: timidity, fearfulness
Antonyms: courage, bravery
भ्याडपणा, भित्रेपणा
Running away from the fight was seen as an act of cowardice.
credible adj
able to be believed or trusted
Synonyms: believable, plausible, convincing
Antonyms: incredible, unbelievable
विश्वासार्ह, विश्वसनीय
The witness gave a credible account of what happened that night.
curtail verb
to reduce or cut short something
Synonyms: reduce, shorten, restrict
Antonyms: extend, expand
कमी करणे, कपात करणे
The college curtailed the vacation to make up for lost classes.
dearth noun
a shortage or lack of something
Synonyms: scarcity, shortage, lack
Antonyms: abundance, plenty
कमतरता, टंचाई
There is a dearth of good doctors in remote tribal areas.
deceit noun
the act of hiding the truth to mislead others
Synonyms: deception, fraud, dishonesty
Antonyms: honesty, truthfulness
कपट, फसवणूक
The agent won the contract through deceit and forged papers.
deliberately adv
on purpose; intentionally
Synonyms: intentionally, purposely, knowingly
Antonyms: accidentally, unintentionally
मुद्दाम, हेतुपूर्वक
He deliberately left the gate open so the cattle could graze.
deter verb
to discourage someone from doing something by making them fear the consequences
Synonyms: discourage, dissuade, prevent
Antonyms: encourage, urge
परावृत्त करणे, रोखणे
Heavy fines are meant to deter people from littering on the beach.
Day 6 · diligent – endorse
diligent adj
working hard with care and steady effort
Synonyms: hardworking, industrious, assiduous
Antonyms: lazy, negligent
मेहनती, परिश्रमी
A diligent student revises her notes every evening.
diminish verb
to become or make smaller or less
Synonyms: decrease, reduce, lessen
Antonyms: increase, augment
कमी होणे, घटणे
The water level in the dam diminishes rapidly during summer.
discord noun
disagreement and quarrelling between people
Synonyms: conflict, disagreement, strife
Antonyms: harmony, concord
मतभेद, कलह
The property dispute caused discord among the brothers.
dormant adj
not active for the time being, but able to become active later
Synonyms: inactive, sleeping, latent
Antonyms: active, awake
सुप्त, निष्क्रिय
The volcano has been dormant for over two hundred years.
drought noun
a long period with little or no rain
Synonyms: dryness, aridity
Antonyms: flood, deluge
दुष्काळ, अवर्षण
The drought in Marathwada forced many farmers to sell their cattle.
dubious adj
not certain to be true or honest; doubtful
Synonyms: doubtful, questionable, suspicious
Antonyms: certain, trustworthy
संशयास्पद, शंकास्पद
The seller made dubious claims about the mileage of the old scooter.
dwindle verb
to gradually become smaller or fewer
Synonyms: decrease, shrink, diminish
Antonyms: increase, grow
घटणे, कमी होणे
The number of sparrows in the city has dwindled over the years.
eloquent adj
able to speak or write fluently and persuasively
Synonyms: articulate, fluent, expressive
Antonyms: inarticulate, tongue-tied
वक्तृत्वपूर्ण, ओघवते
The eloquent speaker held the audience spellbound for an hour.
eminent adj
famous and respected in a profession
Synonyms: distinguished, renowned, prominent
Antonyms: unknown, obscure
प्रख्यात, प्रतिष्ठित
An eminent scientist from Pune delivered the keynote address.
endorse verb
to publicly declare support or approval for something
Synonyms: support, approve, back
Antonyms: oppose, reject
समर्थन करणे, मान्यता देणे
Several cricketers endorse the new brand of sports shoes.
Day 7 · enhance – feasible
enhance verb
to improve the quality, value or strength of something
Synonyms: improve, boost, heighten
Antonyms: diminish, reduce
वाढवणे, सुधारणे
Regular reading enhances your vocabulary.
enmity noun
a feeling of hatred or hostility
Synonyms: hostility, animosity, hatred
Antonyms: friendship, amity
शत्रुत्व, वैर
The enmity between the two families lasted for three generations.
eradicate verb
to destroy or remove something completely
Synonyms: eliminate, exterminate, uproot
Antonyms: preserve, establish
निर्मूलन करणे, समूळ नष्ट करणे
India eradicated polio through nationwide vaccination drives.
exaggerate verb
to describe something as larger or better than it really is
Synonyms: overstate, magnify, inflate
Antonyms: understate, minimise
अतिशयोक्ती करणे, फुगवून सांगणे
He exaggerated the size of the fish he caught.
expansion noun
the act of becoming larger or more extensive
Synonyms: growth, enlargement, extension
Antonyms: contraction, compression
विस्तार, प्रसार
The expansion of the metro network will connect the outer suburbs.
extravagant adj
spending much more money than is necessary
Synonyms: lavish, wasteful
Antonyms: frugal, thrifty
उधळ्या, खर्चिक
The extravagant wedding cost more than the family could afford.
fallacy noun
a mistaken belief or false idea
Synonyms: misconception, delusion, error
Antonyms: truth, fact
गैरसमज, चुकीची समजूत
It is a fallacy that eating sugar directly causes diabetes.
famine noun
extreme shortage of food in a region
Synonyms: starvation, hunger, scarcity
Antonyms: plenty, abundance
दुष्काळ, अन्नटंचाई
The Bengal famine of 1943 killed millions of people.
fatigue noun
extreme tiredness
Synonyms: tiredness, exhaustion, weariness
Antonyms: energy, vigour
थकवा, शीण
After the twelve-hour shift, the workers were overcome by fatigue.
feasible adj
possible and practical to do
Synonyms: possible, practicable, viable
Antonyms: impossible, impractical
व्यवहार्य, शक्य
Is it feasible to finish the project before the exams begin?
Day 8 · feeble – futile
feeble adj
lacking physical strength; weak
Synonyms: weak, frail, faint
Antonyms: strong, robust
अशक्त, दुर्बल
The old man's voice had grown feeble after his illness.
fickle adj
changing often in loyalties, interests or opinions
Synonyms: changeable, inconstant, capricious
Antonyms: constant, loyal
चंचल, अस्थिर
The weather in Pune is fickle; it rains one hour and shines the next.
flourish verb
to grow or develop in a healthy and successful way
Synonyms: thrive, prosper, bloom
Antonyms: wither, decline
भरभराट होणे, बहरणे
Small businesses flourished after the new highway opened.
fluctuate verb
to rise and fall irregularly in number or amount
Synonyms: vary, waver, oscillate
Antonyms: stabilise
चढउतार होणे, बदलत राहणे
Onion prices fluctuate wildly from month to month.
folly noun
lack of good sense; a foolish act
Synonyms: foolishness, stupidity, madness
Antonyms: wisdom, prudence
मूर्खपणा, वेडेपणा
It was sheer folly to swim in the river during the flood.
fragile adj
easily broken or damaged
Synonyms: delicate, brittle, breakable
Antonyms: sturdy, robust
नाजूक, ठिसूळ
Pack the fragile glass items in newspaper before the move.
frankly adv
in an honest and direct manner
Synonyms: candidly, honestly, openly
Antonyms: evasively
स्पष्टपणे, मोकळेपणाने
Frankly, I do not think this plan will work.
fraud noun
the crime of deceiving people to gain money or advantage
Synonyms: deception, swindle, cheating
Antonyms: honesty, integrity
फसवणूक, घोटाळा
The bank clerk was arrested for a fraud of fifty lakh rupees.
frugal adj
careful in spending money; economical
Synonyms: thrifty, economical, sparing
Antonyms: extravagant, wasteful
काटकसरी, मितव्ययी
My grandmother is frugal and never throws away leftover food.
futile adj
producing no result; pointless
Synonyms: useless, pointless, vain
Antonyms: useful, effective
निष्फळ, व्यर्थ
It is futile to argue with someone who refuses to listen.
Day 9 · generous – hazardous
generous adj
willing to give more money, time or help than is expected
Synonyms: liberal, charitable, magnanimous
Antonyms: stingy, miserly
उदार, दानशूर
The generous shopkeeper gave free notebooks to the flood-affected children.
genuine adj
truly what it is said to be; real and sincere
Synonyms: authentic, real, sincere
Antonyms: fake, counterfeit
खरे, अस्सल
Make sure the certificate is genuine before you accept it.
gregarious adj
fond of company; sociable
Synonyms: sociable, outgoing, friendly
Antonyms: reserved, unsociable
समाजप्रिय, मनमिळाऊ
My gregarious cousin knows everyone in the colony by name.
grievance noun
a real or imagined cause for complaint
Synonyms: complaint, objection, grudge
Antonyms: satisfaction, contentment
तक्रार, गाऱ्हाणे
Workers submitted their grievances about unpaid overtime to the manager.
gullible adj
easily persuaded to believe something; too trusting
Synonyms: credulous, naive, trusting
Antonyms: sceptical, suspicious
भोळा, सहज फसणारा
Gullible investors lost their savings in the fake chit fund.
hamper verb
to prevent the free movement or progress of something
Synonyms: hinder, impede, obstruct
Antonyms: help, facilitate
अडथळा आणणे, रोखणे
Heavy rain hampered the rescue operations in the hills.
harmony noun
a state of peaceful agreement and cooperation
Synonyms: accord, concord, peace
Antonyms: discord, conflict
सुसंवाद, एकोपा
People of different faiths live in harmony in our village.
hasten verb
to move or act quickly; to make something happen sooner
Synonyms: hurry, rush, accelerate
Antonyms: delay, slow
घाई करणे, त्वरा करणे
The doctor hastened to the ward when the patient collapsed.
hastily adv
in a hurried and often careless way
Synonyms: hurriedly, quickly, rashly
Antonyms: slowly, carefully
घाईघाईने, उतावळेपणाने
She hastily packed her bag and ran to catch the last train.
hazardous adj
dangerous; involving risk
Synonyms: dangerous, risky, perilous
Antonyms: safe, harmless
धोकादायक, जोखमीचे
Working in the chemical factory without masks is hazardous.
Day 10 · hostile – indifference
hostile adj
unfriendly and aggressive; opposed
Synonyms: unfriendly, antagonistic, aggressive
Antonyms: friendly, amiable
शत्रुत्वपूर्ण, विरोधी
The crowd turned hostile when the match was cancelled.
humble adj
having a modest view of one's own importance; not proud
Synonyms: modest, unassuming, meek
Antonyms: arrogant, proud
नम्र, विनयशील
Despite his fame, the cricketer remained humble and polite.
humility noun
the quality of being modest and not proud
Synonyms: modesty, humbleness, meekness
Antonyms: arrogance, pride
नम्रता, विनय
The saint taught his followers the value of humility.
hypocrisy noun
pretending to have beliefs or virtues that one does not really have
Synonyms: insincerity, pretence, duplicity
Antonyms: sincerity, honesty
ढोंग, दांभिकता
It is hypocrisy to preach cleanliness and then litter the street.
immense adj
extremely large or great
Synonyms: huge, vast, enormous
Antonyms: tiny, minute
अफाट, प्रचंड
The dam holds an immense quantity of water.
impartial adj
treating all sides equally; not favouring anyone
Synonyms: unbiased, neutral, fair
Antonyms: biased, partial
निःपक्षपाती, तटस्थ
A judge must remain impartial in every case.
impede verb
to delay or block the progress of something
Synonyms: hinder, obstruct, hamper
Antonyms: facilitate, assist
अडथळा आणणे, अडवणे
Potholes on the highway impede the flow of traffic.
imperative adj
absolutely necessary; very important
Synonyms: essential, vital, crucial
Antonyms: optional, unnecessary
अत्यावश्यक, अनिवार्य
It is imperative that you carry your hall ticket to the exam centre.
incite verb
to encourage or stir up violent or unlawful behaviour
Synonyms: provoke, instigate, foment
Antonyms: calm, discourage
चिथावणी देणे, भडकवणे
The leader was arrested for inciting the mob to violence.
indifference noun
lack of interest or concern
Synonyms: apathy, unconcern, disregard
Antonyms: concern, interest
उदासीनता, बेफिकिरी
The officials showed complete indifference to the villagers' complaints.
Day 11 · inevitable – lenient
inevitable adj
certain to happen; unavoidable
Synonyms: unavoidable, certain, inescapable
Antonyms: avoidable, uncertain
अटळ, अपरिहार्य
With such poor preparation, failure in the exam was inevitable.
inherent adj
existing as a natural and permanent part of something
Synonyms: intrinsic, innate, inborn
Antonyms: acquired, extrinsic
अंगभूत, स्वाभाविक
Risk is inherent in every business venture.
integrity noun
the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles
Synonyms: honesty, uprightness, probity
Antonyms: dishonesty, corruption
सचोटी, प्रामाणिकपणा
The officer was known for his integrity and refused every bribe.
intricate adj
very complicated or detailed
Synonyms: complex, complicated, elaborate
Antonyms: simple, plain
गुंतागुंतीचे, क्लिष्ट
The Paithani saree has an intricate design woven in gold thread.
jeopardy noun
danger of loss, harm or failure
Synonyms: danger, peril, risk
Antonyms: safety, security
धोका, जोखीम
Thousands of jobs are in jeopardy if the factory closes.
judicious adj
having or showing good judgement; sensible
Synonyms: wise, sensible, prudent
Antonyms: foolish, imprudent
विवेकी, समंजस
A judicious use of fertiliser improves yield without harming the soil.
lament verb
to express deep sorrow or regret
Synonyms: mourn, grieve, bemoan
Antonyms: rejoice, celebrate
शोक करणे, विलाप करणे
The whole village lamented the death of the old schoolteacher.
latent adj
present but not yet active, visible or developed
Synonyms: hidden, dormant, concealed
Antonyms: manifest, evident
सुप्त, अप्रकट
The coaching helped him discover his latent talent for mathematics.
lavish adj
very generous or extravagant; rich and luxurious
Synonyms: extravagant, luxurious, sumptuous
Antonyms: frugal, meager
भरपूर, उधळ्या
The wedding reception was a lavish affair with five hundred guests.
lenient adj
not strict in punishing or judging; merciful
Synonyms: tolerant, merciful, permissive
Antonyms: strict, harsh
सौम्य, उदार
The lenient examiner gave marks even for partially correct answers.
Day 12 · liberty – mitigate
liberty noun
the state of being free from control or restriction
Synonyms: freedom, independence
Antonyms: slavery, captivity
स्वातंत्र्य, मुक्तता
The Constitution guarantees every citizen the liberty to practise any religion.
lucid adj
clear and easy to understand
Synonyms: clear, intelligible, coherent
Antonyms: obscure, confusing
सुस्पष्ट, सुबोध
The teacher gave a lucid explanation of the theorem.
lucrative adj
producing a lot of money; profitable
Synonyms: profitable, rewarding, gainful
Antonyms: unprofitable
फायदेशीर, किफायतशीर
Software jobs are seen as lucrative careers by many students.
malice noun
the desire to harm someone; ill will
Synonyms: spite, ill-will, hatred
Antonyms: goodwill, kindness
द्वेष, दुष्टबुद्धी
He spread the rumour out of pure malice.
meager adj
small in quantity; not enough
Synonyms: scanty, insufficient, paltry
Antonyms: abundant, plentiful
अल्प, तुटपुंजे
The labourers survive on a meager daily wage.
melancholy noun
a deep feeling of sadness that lasts a long time
Synonyms: sadness, gloom, sorrow
Antonyms: cheerfulness, joy
खिन्नता, विषण्णता
A deep melancholy settled over him after he left his village.
menace noun
a person or thing that is likely to cause harm; a threat
Synonyms: threat, danger, hazard
Antonyms: safety, protection
धोका, संकट
Stray dogs have become a menace to children in the colony.
meticulous adj
showing great attention to detail; very careful
Synonyms: careful, thorough, precise
Antonyms: careless, sloppy
काटेकोर, चोख
She is meticulous about keeping accounts of every rupee spent.
misery noun
great suffering or unhappiness
Synonyms: suffering, distress, wretchedness
Antonyms: happiness, joy
दुःख, हलाखी
The flood left thousands of families in misery.
mitigate verb
to make something less severe or painful
Synonyms: alleviate, lessen, reduce
Antonyms: aggravate, intensify
कमी करणे, सौम्य करणे
Planting trees along the road can mitigate the effect of the heat.
Day 13 · modest – obstacle
modest adj
not boasting about one's abilities or achievements
Synonyms: humble, unassuming, unpretentious
Antonyms: arrogant, boastful
विनम्र, साधा
The modest farmer never mentioned the award he had won.
monotonous adj
dull and boring because it never changes
Synonyms: tedious, repetitive, dull
Antonyms: varied, interesting
एकसुरी, कंटाळवाणे
Entering the same data all day is monotonous work.
naive adj
lacking experience or judgement; too ready to believe others
Synonyms: innocent, gullible, unsophisticated
Antonyms: experienced, shrewd
भोळा, अनुभवशून्य
He was naive enough to lend money to a stranger he met online.
negligent adj
failing to take proper care over something
Synonyms: careless, neglectful, remiss
Antonyms: careful, attentive
निष्काळजी, दुर्लक्ष करणारा
The negligent guard left the gate unlocked all night.
notorious adj
famous for something bad
Synonyms: infamous, disreputable
Antonyms: reputable, respected
कुप्रसिद्ध, बदनाम
The area is notorious for chain-snatching incidents.
novice noun
a person who is new to a job or activity
Synonyms: beginner, learner, newcomer
Antonyms: expert, veteran
नवशिका, नवखा
As a novice, he found the stock market confusing.
nullify verb
to make something legally invalid or without effect
Synonyms: invalidate, cancel, annul
Antonyms: validate, confirm
रद्द करणे, निष्प्रभ करणे
The court nullified the election result because of fraud.
obscure adj
not clear or well known; hard to understand
Synonyms: unclear, vague, hidden
Antonyms: clear, obvious
अस्पष्ट, अज्ञात
The poem's meaning is so obscure that even the teacher struggled with it.
obsolete adj
no longer in use; out of date
Synonyms: outdated, antiquated, outmoded
Antonyms: modern, current
कालबाह्य, जुनाट
Floppy disks became obsolete once pen drives arrived.
obstacle noun
a thing that blocks one's way or prevents progress
Synonyms: hindrance, barrier, hurdle
Antonyms: aid, help
अडथळा, अडचण
Lack of money was the biggest obstacle to her studying abroad.
Day 14 · obstinate – pessimistic
obstinate adj
stubbornly refusing to change one's opinion or action
Synonyms: stubborn, headstrong, adamant
Antonyms: compliant, flexible
हट्टी, दुराग्रही
The obstinate child refused to wear his school uniform.
optimistic adj
hopeful and confident about the future
Synonyms: hopeful, positive, confident
Antonyms: pessimistic, gloomy
आशावादी, सकारात्मक
Farmers are optimistic about a good harvest after the timely rains.
ostentatious adj
showy; designed to impress or attract notice
Synonyms: showy, flashy, pretentious
Antonyms: modest, plain
दिखाऊ, भपकेबाज
The ostentatious display of gold at the wedding drew many comments.
outrage noun
a strong feeling of shock and anger
Synonyms: anger, indignation, fury
Antonyms: calm, composure
संताप, क्रोध
The news of the scam caused public outrage.
pacify verb
to make someone calm or quiet
Synonyms: calm, soothe, appease
Antonyms: provoke, agitate
शांत करणे, समजावणे
The mother pacified the crying baby with a lullaby.
paramount adj
more important than anything else; supreme
Synonyms: supreme, foremost, chief
Antonyms: minor, secondary
सर्वोच्च, सर्वात महत्त्वाचे
The safety of passengers is of paramount importance to the railways.
peril noun
serious and immediate danger
Synonyms: danger, hazard, jeopardy
Antonyms: safety, security
धोका, संकट
The fishermen were in grave peril when the cyclone struck.
perpetual adj
never ending or changing; continuous
Synonyms: everlasting, eternal, constant
Antonyms: temporary, fleeting
शाश्वत, अखंड
The lamp at the temple is kept burning as a perpetual flame.
persuade verb
to cause someone to do or believe something through reasoning
Synonyms: convince, induce, coax
Antonyms: dissuade, discourage
मन वळवणे, पटवणे
She persuaded her parents to let her join the NCC camp.
pessimistic adj
tending to expect the worst
Synonyms: gloomy, negative, despairing
Antonyms: optimistic, hopeful
निराशावादी, नकारात्मक
Do not be so pessimistic; you still have a month to prepare.
Day 15 · plausible – quell
plausible adj
seeming reasonable or probable
Synonyms: believable, credible, reasonable
Antonyms: implausible, unbelievable
विश्वासार्ह वाटणारे, संभाव्य
His excuse for missing the test sounded plausible.
precarious adj
not safe or certain; likely to fall or fail
Synonyms: unstable, insecure, risky
Antonyms: secure, stable
अस्थिर, धोकादायक
The labourer balanced on a precarious bamboo scaffold.
prejudice noun
an unfair opinion formed without proper knowledge
Synonyms: bias, partiality, bigotry
Antonyms: fairness, impartiality
पूर्वग्रह, पक्षपात
The law forbids prejudice against people on the basis of caste.
prodigal adj
spending money or resources wastefully
Synonyms: wasteful, extravagant, spendthrift
Antonyms: thrifty, frugal
उधळ्या, खर्चिक
The prodigal son squandered his inheritance in two years.
proficient adj
skilled and competent in doing something
Synonyms: skilled, competent, adept
Antonyms: incompetent, unskilled
निपुण, कुशल
She is proficient in three programming languages.
promptly adv
without delay; immediately
Synonyms: immediately, quickly, punctually
Antonyms: late, slowly
तत्परतेने, त्वरित
The ambulance arrived promptly after the call.
prosperity noun
the state of being successful and wealthy
Synonyms: wealth, affluence, success
Antonyms: poverty, adversity
समृद्धी, भरभराट
Good monsoons bring prosperity to the farming villages.
provoke verb
to deliberately make someone angry; to stir up a reaction
Synonyms: incite, anger, irritate
Antonyms: pacify, calm
चिडवणे, भडकवणे
The referee's decision provoked angry protests from the players.
prudent adj
acting with care and thought for the future; wise
Synonyms: wise, sensible, judicious
Antonyms: imprudent, rash
दूरदर्शी, विवेकी
It is prudent to save a part of your salary every month.
quell verb
to put an end to disorder or a feeling, usually by force
Synonyms: suppress, subdue, crush
Antonyms: incite, encourage
दडपणे, शमवणे
The police quelled the riot within an hour.
Day 16 · rebuke – sagacious
rebuke verb
to express sharp disapproval of someone
Synonyms: reprimand, scold, reproach
Antonyms: praise, commend
फटकारणे, झापणे
The coach rebuked the player for missing practice.
reckless adj
acting without thinking about the danger or consequences
Synonyms: careless, rash, heedless
Antonyms: cautious, careful
बेपर्वा, बेफिकीर
Reckless driving on the expressway caused the accident.
refute verb
to prove a statement or person to be wrong
Synonyms: disprove, rebut, counter
Antonyms: confirm, prove
खोडून काढणे, खंडन करणे
The scientist refuted the claim with fresh data.
relinquish verb
to give up or let go of something, often unwillingly
Synonyms: surrender, renounce, abandon
Antonyms: retain, keep
सोडून देणे, त्याग करणे
The captain relinquished his post after the series defeat.
reluctant adj
unwilling and hesitant to do something
Synonyms: unwilling, hesitant, disinclined
Antonyms: willing, eager
नाखूश, अनिच्छुक
He was reluctant to leave his village and work in the city.
remorse noun
deep regret or guilt for a wrong one has done
Synonyms: regret, guilt, repentance
Antonyms: indifference, shamelessness
पश्चात्ताप, खंत
The thief showed no remorse for his crime.
resilient adj
able to recover quickly from difficulties
Synonyms: tough, strong, hardy
Antonyms: fragile, weak
लवचीक, चिवट
Farmers here are resilient and rebuild after every flood.
reverence noun
deep respect for someone or something
Synonyms: respect, veneration, awe
Antonyms: contempt, disrespect
आदर, पूज्यभाव
Students greeted the old guru with reverence.
robust adj
strong and healthy; sturdy
Synonyms: sturdy, strong, vigorous
Antonyms: weak, feeble
सशक्त, मजबूत
The robust bullocks pulled the heavy cart up the slope with ease.
sagacious adj
having good judgement; wise
Synonyms: wise, shrewd, judicious
Antonyms: foolish, stupid
बुद्धिमान, विवेकी
The sagacious village elder settled the dispute without a court case.
Day 17 · scanty – stagnant
scanty adj
small or insufficient in quantity
Synonyms: meager, sparse, insufficient
Antonyms: abundant, plentiful
अल्प, तुटपुंजे
The scanty rainfall this year has worried the sugarcane growers.
scarcity noun
the state of being in short supply
Synonyms: shortage, dearth, paucity
Antonyms: abundance, surplus
टंचाई, कमतरता
Water scarcity forces villagers to walk miles every summer.
scrupulous adj
very careful to do what is honest and correct
Synonyms: conscientious, honest, meticulous
Antonyms: unscrupulous, careless
प्रामाणिक, काटेकोर
The scrupulous accountant reported even the smallest error.
seldom adv
not often; rarely
Synonyms: rarely, infrequently
Antonyms: often, frequently
क्वचित, विरळा
It seldom snows anywhere in Maharashtra.
serene adj
calm, peaceful and untroubled
Synonyms: calm, peaceful, tranquil
Antonyms: agitated, turbulent
शांत, प्रसन्न
The lake looked serene in the early morning light.
shrewd adj
having sharp judgement, especially in practical matters
Synonyms: astute, clever, sharp
Antonyms: naive, foolish
चाणाक्ष, हुशार
The shrewd trader bought the onions before the prices rose.
sluggish adj
slow-moving; lacking energy
Synonyms: slow, lethargic, inactive
Antonyms: brisk, energetic
मंद, सुस्त
After the heavy lunch, everyone in the office felt sluggish.
spontaneous adj
happening naturally, without planning or being forced
Synonyms: impulsive, unplanned, instinctive
Antonyms: planned, deliberate
उत्स्फूर्त, सहज
The crowd broke into spontaneous applause when the team won.
squander verb
to waste money or time carelessly
Synonyms: waste, misspend, dissipate
Antonyms: save, conserve
उधळणे, वाया घालवणे
He squandered his scholarship money on a new phone.
stagnant adj
not flowing or moving; showing no activity or growth
Synonyms: still, motionless, inactive
Antonyms: flowing, active
साचलेले, स्थिर
Mosquitoes breed in stagnant water left in old tyres.
Day 18 · subtle – tranquil
subtle adj
so delicate or slight that it is difficult to notice
Synonyms: slight, faint, delicate
Antonyms: obvious, blatant
सूक्ष्म, नाजूक
There is a subtle difference between the two shades of blue.
surplus noun
an amount left over after needs have been met
Synonyms: excess, surfeit, glut
Antonyms: shortage, deficit
शिल्लक, वाढावा
Farmers sold the surplus from their wheat harvest at the government procurement centre.
sympathy noun
feelings of pity and sorrow for someone else's misfortune
Synonyms: compassion, pity, empathy
Antonyms: indifference, antipathy
सहानुभूती, कणव
Neighbours expressed their sympathy to the bereaved family.
taciturn adj
saying very little; reserved in speech
Synonyms: reserved, reticent, silent
Antonyms: talkative, garrulous
अबोल, मितभाषी
My taciturn uncle rarely speaks at family gatherings.
tedious adj
too long, slow or dull; tiresome
Synonyms: boring, monotonous, tiresome
Antonyms: interesting, exciting
कंटाळवाणे, रटाळ
Filling in the long admission form was a tedious task.
tenacious adj
holding firmly to something; persistent and determined
Synonyms: persistent, determined, stubborn
Antonyms: yielding, irresolute
चिवट, जिद्दी
The tenacious athlete kept training despite repeated injuries.
terminate verb
to bring something to an end
Synonyms: end, conclude, finish
Antonyms: begin, commence
संपवणे, समाप्त करणे
The company terminated the contract after the supplier missed deadlines.
thrive verb
to grow, develop or be successful
Synonyms: flourish, prosper, bloom
Antonyms: wither, fail
भरभराट होणे, फोफावणे
Mango trees thrive in the warm climate of Konkan.
timid adj
lacking courage or confidence; easily frightened
Synonyms: shy, fearful, cowardly
Antonyms: bold, confident
भित्रा, लाजाळू
The timid boy would not raise his hand even when he knew the answer.
tranquil adj
free from disturbance; calm and quiet
Synonyms: calm, peaceful, serene
Antonyms: turbulent, noisy
शांत, निवांत
The hill station was tranquil after the tourists left.
Day 19 · transient – venerate
transient adj
lasting only for a short time
Synonyms: temporary, fleeting, momentary
Antonyms: permanent, lasting
क्षणिक, अल्पकालीन
Fame on social media is usually transient.
triumph noun
a great victory or achievement
Synonyms: victory, success, conquest
Antonyms: defeat, failure
विजय, यश
Winning the Ranji Trophy was a triumph for the young team.
trivial adj
of little value or importance
Synonyms: unimportant, insignificant, petty
Antonyms: important, significant
क्षुल्लक, नगण्य
Do not waste the meeting on trivial matters like the colour of the curtains.
unanimous adj
agreed upon by everyone involved
Synonyms: undivided, united
Antonyms: divided, split
सर्वसंमत, एकमताचा
The panchayat took a unanimous decision to build a new well.
urge verb
to try hard to persuade someone to do something
Synonyms: press, encourage, exhort
Antonyms: discourage, deter
आग्रह करणे, विनवणे
Doctors urge people to get vaccinated before the monsoon.
utterly adv
completely and totally
Synonyms: completely, totally, entirely
Antonyms: partly, partially
पूर्णपणे, सर्वस्वी
The old bridge was utterly destroyed by the flood.
vague adj
not clear or definite
Synonyms: unclear, indefinite, ambiguous
Antonyms: clear, precise
अस्पष्ट, संदिग्ध
He gave only a vague answer about when he would repay the loan.
valiant adj
showing great courage, especially in a difficult situation
Synonyms: brave, courageous, heroic
Antonyms: cowardly, timid
शूर, पराक्रमी
The valiant soldier carried his wounded friend to safety.
vehemently adv
with great force or strong feeling
Synonyms: forcefully, passionately, fiercely
Antonyms: mildly, calmly
तीव्रतेने, जोरदारपणे
The villagers vehemently opposed the plan to build a dam on their land.
venerate verb
to regard with great respect; to revere
Synonyms: revere, worship, honour
Antonyms: despise, disrespect
पूजणे, आदर करणे
People across Maharashtra venerate Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj.
Day 20 · verbose – zenith
verbose adj
using more words than needed
Synonyms: wordy, long-winded, prolix
Antonyms: concise, succinct
पाल्हाळिक, शब्दबंबाळ
The verbose report could have been summarised in one page.
versatile adj
able to adapt to or do many different things
Synonyms: adaptable, flexible, multifaceted
Antonyms: limited, inflexible
बहुगुणी, अष्टपैलू
A versatile actor, he plays comic and tragic roles equally well.
vigilant adj
keeping careful watch for possible danger
Synonyms: watchful, alert, attentive
Antonyms: careless, inattentive
जागरूक, सावध
Vigilant citizens reported the suspicious bag to the police.
vigorous adj
strong, healthy and full of energy
Synonyms: energetic, robust, lively
Antonyms: weak, feeble
जोमदार, उत्साही
Vigorous exercise every morning kept the old farmer fit.
virtue noun
behaviour showing high moral standards; a good quality
Synonyms: goodness, morality, righteousness
Antonyms: vice, wickedness
सद्गुण, सदाचार
Honesty is a virtue that every child should learn early.
wary adj
cautious about possible danger or problems
Synonyms: cautious, careful, guarded
Antonyms: careless, trusting
सावध, जागरूक
Be wary of phone calls asking for your bank OTP.
wither verb
to become dry and shrivelled; to lose strength
Synonyms: shrivel, wilt, fade
Antonyms: flourish, bloom
कोमेजणे, सुकणे
The crops withered in the fields when the rains failed.
wrath noun
extreme anger
Synonyms: rage, fury, anger
Antonyms: calmness, delight
क्रोध, संताप
The minister faced the wrath of the farmers over the delayed payments.
zeal noun
great energy and enthusiasm for a cause or aim
Synonyms: enthusiasm, passion, fervour
Antonyms: apathy, indifference
उत्साह, आवेश
The volunteers worked with great zeal during the cleanliness drive.
zenith noun
the highest point; the peak of success
Synonyms: peak, summit, pinnacle
Antonyms: nadir, bottom
शिखर, परमोच्च बिंदू
The Maratha empire reached its zenith in the eighteenth century.